---------------------------------------------------------------------------- The Florida SunFlash October 1992 Software Technical Bulletin Contents SunFLASH Vol 45 #23 September 1992 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- This article describes the contents of the Software Technical bulletin (STB) for October, 1992. Is posted to SunFlash to make those customers who have a support contract aware that they should be receiving this execellent publication. Copies of the STB are sent to the just the people listed in your support contract. They have limited duplication rights (see notice included each month within the STB). Two sample STBs, in PostScript, are in solar.nova.edu:/pub/sunflash/1992 and in ftp.uu.net:systems/sun/sunflash/1992 185,395 stbaug92.ps.Z 171,958 stbjul92.ps.Z Each is about 100 pages. This article contains two parts: o Table Of Contents for October 1992 o STB Editor's Introduction The text and PostScript STBs are also included in the SunSolve CD rom service (see sunflash 44.07 "SunSolve and Sun HelpDesk"). -johnj -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year: 1992 Month: October Title: Contents ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Contents -------- 1. STB Editor's Introduction 1-1 STB Overview 1-1 Updates 1-4 Multi-Threaded STREAMS (June 1992) 1-4 Print Service (September 1992) 1-5 2. Solaris 2.0 2-1 Boot and Run Levels 2-1 Components of Booting 2-3 Self-Configuring Kernel 2-3 Device Name Differences 2-5 Bootprom Differences 2-5 Local UFS Bootup Sequence 2-6 Network Bootup Sequence 2-7 System Run State Differences 2-8 init and /etc/inittab 2-9 Changing Run Levels 2-11 System Startup/Shutdown Commands 2-11 Modifying System Startup/Shutdown 2-12 Ways to Change Run States 2-13 Summary of Boot Differences 2-13 UNIX File System Administration and Interchange Utilities 2-14 UFS File System Overview 2-14 Utilities and Device Names 2-15 Default File System Types 2-15 UFS File System History 2-16 fsck(1M) - File System Check 2-17 newfs(1M) - Create New UNIX File Systems 2-19 mkfs(1M) - Make a File System 2-21 ufsdump(1M) - Dump UFS File Systems 2-22 ufsrestore(1M) - Restore a UNIX File System 2-24 Remote Dump and Restore 2-25 UFS Quota Commands 2-25 tunefs(1M) - Tune Up an Existing File System 2-26 Cross-Release UFS Mounts 2-27 UFS Dump/Restore Compatibility 2-27 SVR4 Label Structure 2-28 volcopy(1M) - Make an Image Copy of a File System 2-29 labelit(1M) - Provide Labels for File Systems 2-31 fsdb(1M) - File System Debugger 2-32 Scope of Interchange Utilities 2-33 tar(1) - Tape Archive 2-33 cpio(1) - Copy File Archives In and Out 2-33 POSIX Archives 2-35 dd(1) - Block Copy Utility 2-35 Troubleshooting 2-36 3. Network 3-1 NIS+: An Enterprise Naming Service 3-1 Summary 3-1 Introduction 3-2 Client/Server Computing and Naming Services 3-3 Highlights of NIS+ Enterprise Naming Service 3-5 Distributed Administration 3-6 Table-Based Storage of Information 3-11 High-Performance Replication 3-13 Security in NIS+ 3-14 Compatibility with ONC NIS 3-17 NIS+ and Other Naming/Directory Services 3-20 Multivendor Support for NIS+ 3-24 References 3-24 4. Communications 4-1 ISDN Technology 4-1 Emergence of ISDN 4-2 Computer Communications and Network Technology 4-3 Wide Area Networking 4-5 ISDN Fundamentals 4-6 Features of the Basic Rate Interface 4-9 ISDN Connectivity and the Workstation 4-10 ISDN Technology Model and Implementation 4-12 SPARCstation ISDN Hardware Architecture 4-18 Sun's ISDN Software Architecture 4-21 ISDN Terminology 4-25 5. Software Release Versions 5-1 Current Sun Software Products and Release Versions 5-1 Operating Systems 5-1 Window Systems & Desktop Utilities 5-1 Graphics Software 5-2 Software Development 5-2 System Management 5-3 Connectivity Products 5-3 Other Products 5-4 Updated Sun Operating System Support Matrix 5-5 6. Notes & Comments 6-1 World Hotlines 6-1 Reporting Bugs 6-3 Submitting Software Bugs: United States and Canada 6-3 Submitting Software Bugs: Europe 6-4 Submitting Software Bugs: Intercon 6-8 Your STB Subscription 6-10 Index -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year: 1992 Month: October Title: STB Editor's Introduction ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- STB Overview ------------ This month's STB contains articles of general interest in the topics outlined below. Please note the Updates section at the end of the chapter. This section features new or updated information about articles from past issues of the STB. We appreciate the participation of our readership in calling this information to our attention. ** Solaris 2.0 We continue our series of articles on System Administration in Solaris 2.0, Sun's operating environment based on System V Release 4 (SVR4). This material is extracted from Sun internal training materials. "Boot and Run Levels" describes the local and remote bootup sequence, detailing the differences between the SunOS 5.0 and SunOS 4.x system boot processes. The article covers related topics, including the self-configuring kernel, new System V device names, system run states in generic SVR4 and in Solaris 2.0, the init process and the /etc/inittab file, and how to modify the system startup and shutdown sequences. "UNIX File System Administration and Interchange Utilities" describes the commands and administration of UNIX file systems in Solaris 2.0, and the new features and compatibility issues for interchange utilities such as tar and cpio. Next month, we will conclude this series with an article on Solaris 2.0 Name Services, an administrator's view of the NIS+ naming service, which is also discussed in this month's Network chapter. ** Network "NIS+: An Enterprise Naming Service" presents a new technical white paper from SunSoft, describing the Network Information Service Plus (NIS+) naming service of Solaris 2.0. This paper approaches NIS+ from a more user-level standpoint than did the previous white paper reproduced in the May 1992 issue. The paper compares NIS+ with its predecessor NIS (also known as Yellow Pages), and discusses technical advantages and application uses of the new service. ** Communication "ISDN Technology" is derived from a technical white paper on the new Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN), a digital technology which promises to greatly increase the speed and efficiency of network communication in the near future. Telephone companies around the world are rapidly converting their services to all-digital ISDN-based equipment, and the newest generation of SPARCstations is being shipped with built-in ISDN interface connectors. ** Software Release Versions This section includes the current Sun software products and release version tables. We also include a revised updating of Sun's support matrix for Operating System release levels and platforms. Updates ------- This section presents updates on subjects covered in past issues of the Sun Technical Bulletin. ** Multi-Threaded STREAMS (June 1992) The STREAMS team has offered some minor corrections/enhancements to the sample multithreaded device driver code printed in this article. On page 2-14, the dev_ops data structure xx_ops initialization should use nulldev where nodev was specified (identified in adjacent comments as devo_probe and devo_reset). The resulting structure initialization would thus be: struct dev_ops xx_ops = { DEVO_REV, /* devo_rev */ 0, /* devo_refcnt */ xxgetinfo, /* devo_getinfo */ xxidentify, /* devo_identify */ nulldev, /* devo_probe */ xxattach, /* devo_attach */ xxdetach, /* devo_detach */ nulldev, /* devo_reset */ &cb_xx_ops, /* devo_cb_ops */ (struct bus_ops *)NULL /* devo_bus_ops */ } On page 2-15, the entire body of code in the _fini routine: _fini(void) { if (ddi_remove_orphan(&xx_ops) == DDI_SUCCESS) return (0); else return (EBUSY); } should be replaced with: _fini(void) { return (mod_remove(&modlinkage)); } ** Print Service (September 1992) Solaris 2.1, currently scheduled for release in late 1992 or early 1993, will provide a tool with a graphical user interface (GUI) to simplify the administration of printers by users. The OpenWindows DeskSet still contains PrintTool, which allows users to print and monitor their print requests. The new tool, Printer Manager, is part of the Admintool distributed administration framework. Printer Manager will allow users to perform the following administrative tasks without having to understand all the commands of the PrintService: o list configured printers o add and remove local printers o add and remove remote printers ***************************************************************************** We would like to encourage our readership to e-mail us any comments or suggestions regarding the content of the Sun Technical Bulletin, including requests for articles on specific subject matters. We are aiming at a broad spectrum of topics that are of interest to all sectors of our audience, both highly experienced technical people and relatively inexperienced users who are new to desktop workstations. We are not the appropriate channel for researching any and all technical problems that may come up in the field, but we will do our best to follow up on questions about articles that we have printed in the recent past. Please let us know what you think, and we will do our best to accommodate you in future issues. Thanks. The STB Editor sun!stb-editor or stb-editor@Sun.COM ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ For information send mail to info-sunflash@sunvice.East.Sun.COM. Subscription requests should be sent to sunflash-request@sunvice.East.Sun.COM. Archives are on solar.nova.edu, paris.cs.miami.edu, uunet.uu.net, src.doc.ic.ac.uk and ftp.adelaide.edu.au All prices, availability, and other statements relating to Sun or third party products are valid in the U.S. only. Please contact your local Sales Representative for details of pricing and product availability in your region. Descriptions of, or references to products or publications within SunFlash does not imply an endorsement of that product or publication by Sun Microsystems. John McLaughlin, SunFlash editor, flash@sunvice.East.Sun.COM. (305) 776-7770. TRACE: To: sunflash@suntri Errors-to: owner-sunflash@suntri.east.sun.com