---------------------------------------------------------------------------- The Florida SunFlash Frequently Asked Questions about X with Answers (1 of 3) SunFLASH Vol 26 #8 February 1991 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- Every month a Very long article with the above title is posted to the Usenet newsgroup comp.windows.x. The document that makes up the article is updated each month but it has grown to almost 3,000 lines! I will post it to the Florida SunFlash once or twice per year. Note that the article is in three parts as some mailers cannot handle documents > 1,000 lines or 50k. -johnj ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- From: xug@lta.com (X User's Group) Newsgroups: comp.windows.x Subject: Frequently Asked Questions about X with Answers 1/3 Date: 30 Jan 91 22:21:04 GMT Organization: Lewis, Trachtenberg & Associates [Last changed: 30 Jan 91] This article and two following contain the answers to some Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) often seen in comp.windows.x. It is posted to help reduce volume in this newsgroup and to provide hard-to-find information of general interest. Please redistribute this article! This article includes answers to the following questions, which are loosely grouped into categories. Questions marked with a + indicate questions new to this issue; those with significant changes of content since the last issue are marked by *: 0) TOPIC: BASIC INFORMATION SOURCES AND DEFINITIONS 1)* What books and articles on X are good for beginners? 2) What courses on X are available? 3)* What conferences on X are coming up? 4)* What X-related public mailing lists are available? 5)* How can I meet other X developers? (was: What is XUG? AFUX? EXUG?) 6)* What are these common abbreviations? 7) What is the ICCCM? (How do I write X-friendly applications?) 8) What is the X Consortium and how do I join? 9) What is the X Registry? 10) Just what is OpenWindows? 11) Just what is DECWindows? 12) What is PEX? 13)* What is Imake? 14) TOPIC: OBTAINING X AND RELATED SOFTWARE AND HARDWARE 15)* Is X public-domain software? 16) Where can I obtain X11R4? 17)* Where can I obtain patches to X11R4? 18) Where can I obtain X11R3 source? 19)* Where can I obtain OSF/Motif? 20)* Does Motif work with X11R4? 21)* Where can I obtain toolkits implementing Open Look? 22) Where can I obtain other X sources? 23)+ Where can I obtain interesting widgets? 24) Where can I obtain alternate language bindings to X? 25) What is the xstuff mail-archive? 26)* What is the current state of the world in X terminals? 27)+ Where can I get an X server with a touchscreen or lightpen? 28)* Where can I get an X server on a PC? 29) Where can I get an X server on a Macintosh running MacOS? 30) Where can I get a fast X server for a workstation? 31)* Where can I get a server for my high-end Sun graphics board? 32)* What terminal emulators other than xterm are available? 33)* Where can I obtain an X-based editor or word-processor? 34) Where can I obtain an X-based paint/draw program? 35) Where can I obtain an X-based spreadsheet? 36)* Where can I get an X-based PostScript previewer? 37) Where can I get an X-based GKS package? 38)+ Where can I get an X-based TeX or DVI previewer? 39)* Where can I get an X-based troff previewer? 40)* Where can I obtain a WYSIWYG interface builder? 41)* Where can I find X tools callable from shell scripts? 42)+ Where can I get an X-based debugger? 43)+ How can I display an X program identically on several displays? 44) TOPIC: BUILDING THE X DISTRIBUTION 45) How do I build X with gcc? 46) Why can't gcc compile X11R4 on my SPARC? 47)* What are these I/O errors running X built with gcc? 48) What are these problems compiling X11R4 on the older Sun3? 49) What are these funny problems compiling X11R3 on the Sun4? 50) What are these problems using R4 shared libraries on SunOS 4? 51) How do I get around the SunOS 4.1 security hole? 52) What are these problems with "_XtInherit not found" on the Sun? 53) Why can't I compile my R3 Xaw contrib programs under R4? 54) TOPIC: USING X IN DAY-TO-DAY LIFE 55)+ Why does my X session exit when I kill my window manager? 56) How do I remap the keys on my keyboard to produce a string? 57)* How do I make a screendump of the X display? 58) Is there a way for my WM to produce my .xinitrc, a la toolplaces? 59) Where can I find a dictionary server for xwebster? 60) How do I convert Mac/TIFF/GIF/Sun/PICT/Face/img/FAX images to X? 61) How do I use another window manager with DEC's session manager? 62) How can I change the titlebar of my xterm window? 63) Where can I find the xterm control sequences? 64) How do I keep my $DISPLAY when I rlogin to another machine? 65)* How can I design my own font? 66) Why does adding a font to the server not work? 67) How do I use DECwindows fonts on my X11R4 server? 68)* Why can't I set the backgroundPixmap resource in my defaults file? 69) Why does the R3 xterm, et al, fail against the R4 server? 70) Why doesn't xlock work on my R4 server? 71)+ I have xmh, but it doesn't work. Where can I get mh? 72) Why am I suddenly unable to connect to my Sun X server? 73) TOPIC: PROGRAMMING PROBLEMS AND PUZZLES 74) Why doesn't my program get the keystrokes I select for? 75) Is there a skeleton X program available? 76) Why does XtGetValues not work for me? 77)+ How can my application tell if it is being run under X? 78) How do I make a "busy cursor" while my application is computing? 79) Why does XtAppAddInput not work as described? 80) How do I simulate a button press/release event for a widget? 81) Why doesn't anything appear when I run this simple program? 82) What is the difference between a Screen and a screen? 83) How do I determine the name of an existing widget? 84) Why do I get a BadDrawable error drawing to XtWindow(widget)? 85) Can XGetWindowAttributes get a window's background pixel/pixmap? 86) Why does the pixmap I copy to the screen show up as garbage? 87) How can my application iconify itself? 88) How do I check whether a window ID is valid? 89) Can I have two applications draw to the same window? 90)+ How do I keep a window from being resized by the user? 91) How do I render rotated text? 92)+ Why can't my program get a standard colormap? If you have suggestions or corrections for any of these answers or any additional information, please send them directly to xug@expo.lcs.mit.edu; the information will be included in the next revision (or possibly the one after that; thanks for the many suggestions which haven't been incorporated yet). This posting is intended to be distributed at approximately the beginning of each month. The information contained herein has been gathered from a variety of sources. In many cases attribution has been lost; if you would like to claim responsibility for a particular item, please let us know. Conventions used below: telephone numbers tend to be Bell-system unless otherwise noted; prices on items are not included. ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Subject: 0) TOPIC: BASIC INFORMATION SOURCES AND DEFINITIONS ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Subject: 1)* What books and articles on X are good for beginners? Ken Lee of the DEC Western Software Laboratory (klee@wsl.dec.com) regularly posts to comp.windows.x and ba.windows.x a list of reference books and articles on X and X programming (it is ftp-able as expo.lcs.mit.edu:/contrib/Xbibliography and gatekeeper.dec.com:/archive/pub/X11/contrib/Xbibliography ). Here is an unordered set of useful reference books and tutorials, most of which appear on that list [comments are gathered from a variety of places and are unattributable]: Asente, Paul J., and Swick, Ralph R., "X Window System Toolkit, The Complete Programmer's Guide and Specification", Digital Press, 1990. The bible on Xt. A treasury of information, excellent and invaluable. Distributed by Digital Press, ISBN 1-55558-051-3, order number EY-E757E-DP; and by Prentice-Hall, ISBN 0-13-972191-6. Also available through DEC Direct at 1-800-DIGITAL. [The examples are on expo.lcs.mit.edu in contrib/ and on gatekeeper.dec.com (16.1.0.2) in pub/X11/contrib as asente-swick.examples.tar.Z. They were also recently posted to comp.sources.x as xt-examples/part0[1-5].] Jones, Oliver, "Introduction to the X Window System," Prentice Hall, 1989. A fine introduction to programming with Xlib; fairly good background to the X protocol; nice discussion of Xlib, the X library. ISBN 0-13-499997-5. Young, Doug. "The X Window System: Applications and Programming with Xt (Motif Version)," Prentice Hall, 1989 (ISBN 0-13-497074-8). The excellent tutorial "X Window Systems Programming and Applications with Xt," (ISBN 0-13-972167-3) updated for Motif. [The examples from the Motif version are available on expo in ~ftp/contrib/young.motif.tar.Z] Scheifler, Robert, and James Gettys, with Jim Flowers, Ron Newman, and David Rosenthal, "X Window System: The Complete Reference to Xlib, X Protocol, ICCCM, XLFD, Second Edition," Digital Press, 1990. "The Bible", an enhanced version of X documentation by the authors of the Xlib documentation. This is the most complete published description of the X programming interface and X protocol. It is the primary reference work and is not introductory tutorial documentation; additional tutorial works will usually be needed by most new X programmers. Digital Press order EY-E755E-DP. DP ISBN 1-55558-050-5; Prentice-Hall ISBN 0-13-972050-2 Nye, Adrian, "Xlib Programming Manual, Volume 1" and "Xlib Reference Manual, Volume 2," O'Reilly and Associates, 1988. A superset of the MIT X documentation; the first volume is a tutorial with broad coverage of Xlib, and the second contains reference pages for Xlib functions and many useful reference appendices. ISBN 0-937175-26-9 (volume 1) and ISBN 0-937175-27-7 (volume 2). [A version updated for X11R4 is available (4/90).] Nye, Adrian, and Tim O'Reilly, "X Toolkit Programming Manual, Volume 4," O'Reilly and Associates, 1989. The folks at O'Reilly give their comprehensive treatment to programming with the MIT Intrinsics; R4 versions are now available, as is a Motif 1.1 version (Volume 4M). O'Reilly, Tim, ed., "X Toolkit Reference Manual, Volume 5," O'Reilly and Associates, 1989. A professional reference manual for the MIT X11R3 Xt; some information on X11R4 is included. Mansfield, Niall. "The X Window System: A User's Guide," Addison-Wesley, 1989. A tutorial introduction to using X, soon to be upgraded for R4. ISBN 0-201-51341-2. Quercia, Valerie and Tim O'Reilly. "X Window System User's Guide," O'Reilly and Associates, 1989. A tutorial introduction to using X. ISBN 0-937175-36-6. Also available in R4 and Motif flavors. Rosenthal, David S.H., "Inter-Client Communication Conventions Manual Version 1.0 (MIT Consortium Standard)." The first real ICCCM, available on the R4 tape; a version is also available from the xstuff mail-archive-server. (Prentice-Hall ordering is 201-767-5937. O'Reilly ordering is 800-338-NUTS.) In addition, check the X11R4 core distribution in doc/tutorials for some useful papers and tutorials, particularly the file doc/tutorials/answers.txt. "Late Night's Top Ten X11 Questions" by Dave Lemke (lemke@ncd.com) and Stuart Marks (smarks@sun.com) answers other common questions and some of these here in more detail. ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Subject: 2) What courses on X are available? Advanced Computing Environments periodically offers at least a two-day Introduction course. Contact Susie Karlson at 415-941-3399 for information. AT&T offers training in Xlib and in the Xol set. Contact AT&T Corporate Education & Training for more info; 1-800-TRAINER in the USA. Communica Software Consultants offers three-day hands-on courses in X designed for the X Window system developer and programmer. Contact Nicholas Davias, telephone 61 8 4101442, e-mail nick@manic.communica.oz.au. [11/90] GHCT offers a one week lecture/lab course for programmmers designed by Douglas Young based on his book "The X Window System: Programming and Applica- tions with Xt, OSF/Motif Edition". Information: Brian Stell (415-966-8805 or ghct!brian@sgi.com). Integrated Computer Solutions, Inc., offers several multi-day, hands-on courses on X, Xt, and the Xaw and Motif widget sets, in particular. Information is available at 617-547-0510 and info@ics.com. Intelligent Visual Computing teaches several Xt-based lab courses on-site. IVC is at 919-481-1353 or at info@ivc.uu.net. Iris Computing Laboratories (615-886-3429) offers three- and five-day Xlib and Xt courses. IXI Limited (+44 223 462 131) offers regular X training courses for both programmers and non-technical managers. Lurnix offers 4-day "type-along courses" on Xt; the course is being ported from Xaw to Xm. Information is available at 800-433-9337 (in CA: -9338). Non Standard Logics (+33 (1) 43 36 77 50; requests@nsl.fr) offers courses on programming with Xlib, Motif, and creating Motif widgets. OSF Educational Services (617-621-8778) offers one-day and one-week Motif courses. Unipalm XTech (+44 952 211862) offers X courses and OSF's 5-day Motif course. Various vendors are also beginning to offer X training, usually specific to Xt and a proprietary widget set; HP and DEC are also offering Xlib courses. Sun offers an XView course. Various universities are offering short X courses or overviews: UCLA, Dartmouth, University of Lowell, University of Canberra (within Australia: 062-522422) ... Among the best places to find courses are at the various Unix conferences -- Uniforum, Usenix, Unix Expo, Xhibition, the MIT X Technical Conference, &c. ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Subject: 3)* What conferences on X are coming up? The Xhibition 91 X trade show and conference, with tutorials, panels, presentations, and vendor exhibits, will probably be held in San Jose, June 3-6. Information: +1 617 547 0510. The EXUG conference is slated for October, 1990. Information: exug@unipalm.co.uk. The MIT Technical Conference is typically held in January in Boston, mostly for historical reasons. Other trade shows -- UnixExpo, Uniforum, Siggraph -- show an increasing presence of X, including tutorials and exhibits. ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Subject: 4)* What X-related public mailing lists are available? The xpert mailing list is the general, public mailing list on X maintained by the X Consortium. The mailings are gatewayed, so xpert is almost identical to the comp.windows.x Usenet newsgroup. *** If you get comp.windows.x, you don't need to *** *** be added to the xpert mailing list. *** Otherwise, you can join the list to receive X information electronically. It is best to find a local distribution; perhaps someone within your company is already receiving the mailing. As a last resort, send mail to xpert-request@expo.lcs.mit.edu with a valid return electronic address. A mailing list for major X announcements (new releases, public reviews, adoption of standards, but NOT advertisements, patches, or questions) is available by request from xannounce-request@expo.lcs.mit.edu. Messages sent to xannounce will automatically be sent to the xpert mailing list. They will not be sent to the Usenet news group comp.windows.x; however, they will appear in the Usenet news group comp.windows.x.announce. Note: Only redistribution addresses will be accepted for this list -- i.e. no personal addresses. If you wish to receive xannounce yourself, please contact your mail administrator to set up a local redistribution list and to put you on it. In addition, the X Consortium sponsors these public lists: bug-clx CLX bug reports and discussions x-ada X and ada x11-3d people interested in X and 3d graphics ximage people interested in image processing and X xvideo discussion of video extensions for X To subscribe to one of these lists, assuming no-one in your organization already receives it, send mail to -request@expo.lcs.mit.edu with the Subject line including the name of the LIST in caps and the request "addition request". In the body of the message be sure to give an address for your local distribution which is accessible from MIT (eddie.mit.edu). A mailing list for topics related to Open Look is sponsored by Greg Pasquariello of Unify corporation; send to openlook-request@unify.com (or openlook-request%unify.uucp@uunet.uu.net) for information. A mailing list for bugs in the publicly-available version of XView source, in particular, is sponsored by Sun; send to xviewbug-trackers-request@sun.com for information. A mailing list for topics related to Motif is sponsored by Kee Hinckley of Alfalfa Software, Inc.; send to motif-request@alphalpha.com for information. (This group has recently been gatewayed to comp.windows.x.motif.) A mailing list for topics related to the XPM pixmap-format is sponsored by Arnaud Le Hors of Group Bull; send to xpm-talk-request@mirsa.inria.fr for iinformation. [1/91] A mailing list (amiga-x11@nic.funet.fi) for topics related to the port of X11 to the Amiga can be subscribed by sending to mailserver@nic.funet.fi a message containing Subject: Adding myself to AMIGA-X11 SUBS AMIGA-X11 Your Real Name ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Subject: 5)* How can I meet other X developers? (was: What is XUG? AFUX? EXUG?) The national X User's Group was formed in January of 1988. Its purpose is to encourage X development by providing information on the X Window System to all who are interested. [This FAQ is a service of XUG.] - Local Area Groups: [this list is in the process of being updated; some of these groups are known to be zombies]: Atlanta, GA James Tio, 404-441-4784 Bay Area, CA Jim Turner, 415-960-0123 Boston Mitch Trachtenberg, mitch@lta.com Cleveland Mike Kolberg, 216/243-1198 Colorado Jim West, 719/260-3463, west@widgit.enet.dec.com Houston Dinah Anderson, dinah@bcm.tmc.edu 713-798-5890 Huntsville, Ala. Pete Shea 205-837-9230 Los Angeles ("LAX") Debbie Catalano, catalano@inference.com, 213-322-5004 x194 Princeton, NJ Joe Camaratta, 609-734-6500 Research Triangle Park Steven Thiedke, 919/481-1353 Washington, DC Thomas Fagre, 703/866-7425 Cambridge, UK Ray Anderson, +44 223 462131 Singapore Chee Keong Law, 772-3116 ISSLCK%NUSVM.BITNET@mitvma.mit.edu Milan, Italy Richard Glover, (39) 961-743-486 - Possible XUG groups being formed, given enough interest: Detroit ?? c/o Prime Computer To join, form a local group, contribute to XNextEvent (the several- times-yearly newsletter which includes articles of general interest, or help out in any other way, contact Alex Fisher at XUG, c/o Integrated Computer Solutions, 201 Broadway, Cambridge, MA 02139-9890, 617/547-0634, or email to xug@expo.lcs.mit.edu. In addition, there are meetings of these groups: - Bay Area Motif Developers Group and Drinking Society Ron Edmark edmark@isi.com The French X User Group is called AFUX and is based in Sophia Antipolis by CERICS. Information can be obtained from Miss Vasseur or Miss Forest; BP 148;157, rue Albert Einstein; 06561 Valbonne Cedex; Phone: +33 93 95 45 00 / 45 01; Fax: +33 93 95 48 57. [10/90] The European X User Group was formed in 1989 to represent X users in Europe. It holds technical conferences at regular intervals. The EXUG also publishes a regular newsletter which is distributed free of charge to members. The EXUG also runs a email mailing list for members which is frequently used to address issues of European interest in X. The EXUG can be contacted by email at: exug@unipalm.uucp or by snail mail at: The EXUG, Mitchell House, 185 High Street, Cottenham, Cambridge CB4 4RX, England; phone +44 954 51727. [from Bevis King (brwk@doc.ic.ac.uk), 4/90] ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Subject: 6)* What are these common abbreviations? Xt: The X Toolkit Intrinsics is a library layered on Xlib which provides the functionality from which the widget sets are built. An "Xt-based" program is an application which uses one of those widget sets and which uses Intrinsics mechanisms to manipulate the widgets. Xmu: The Xmu library is a collection of Miscellaneous Utility functions useful in building various applications and widgets. Xaw: The Athena Widget Set is the MIT-implemented sample widget set distributed with X11 source since X11R2. Xm: The OSF/Motif widget set from the Open Software Foundation; binary kits are available from many hardware vendors Xhp (Xw): The Hewlett-Packard Widget Set was originally based on R2++, but several sets of patches exist which bring it up to R3, as it is distributed on the X11R4 tapes. mwm: The Motif Window Manager is distributed with OSF/Motif source and is available from vendors in binary form. CLX: The Common Lisp X Interface is a Common Lisp equivalent to Xlib. XDMCP: The X Display Manager Protocol provides a uniform mechanism for a display such as an X terminal to request login service from a remote host. XLFD: The X Logical Font Description Conventions describes a standard logical font description and conventions to be used by clients so that they can query and access those resources. RTFM: Common expert-speak meaning "please locate and consult the relevant documentation -- Read the Manual" UTSL: A common expression meaning "take advantage of the fact that you aren't limited by a binary license -- Use The Source, Luke". ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Subject: 7) What is the ICCCM? (How do I write X-friendly applications?) The Inter-Client Communication Conventions Manual is one of the official X Consortium standards documents that define the X environment. It describes the conventions that clients must observe to coexist peacefully with other clients sharing the same server. If you are writing X clients, you need to read and understand the ICCCM, in particular the sections discussing the selection mechanism and the interaction between your client and the window manager. Get it either: - as part of the R4 distribution from MIT. - in the 2nd edition of the Scheifler/Gettys "X Window System" book. - as an appendix in the new version of O'Reilly's Volume 0, "X Protocol Reference Manual." A version in old copies of their Volume 1 is obsolete. The version in the DP book is much more readable, thanks to the efforts of Digital's editors to improve the English and the presentation. [from David Rosenthal, 10/90] Alternate definition: the ICCCM is generally the M in "RTFM" and is the most-important of the least-read X documents. ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Subject: 8) What is the X Consortium and how do I join? The MIT X Consortium was formed in January of 1988 to further the development of the X Window System and has as its major goal the promotion of cooperation within the computer industry in the creation of standard software interfaces at all layers in the X Window System environment. MIT's role is to provide the vendor-neutral architectural and administrative leadership required to make this work. Membership in the Consortium open to any organization. There are two categories of membership, Member (for large organizations) and Affiliate (for smaller organizations). Most of the Consortium's activities take place via electronic mail, with meetings when required. As designs and specifications take shape, interest groups are formed from experts in the participating organizations. Typically a small multi-organization architecture team leads the design, with others acting as close observers and reviewers. Once a complete specification is produced, it may be submitted for formal technical review by the Consortium as a proposed standard. The standards process typically includes public review (outside the Consortium) and a demonstration of proof of concept. Your involvement in the public review process or as a Member or Affiliate of the Consortium is welcomed. Write to: Bob Scheifler, MIT X Consortium, Laboratory for Computer Science, 545 Technology Square, Cambridge, MA 02139. [For complete information see the XCONSORTIUM man page from the X11R4 distribution, from which this information is adapted.] [2/90] ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Subject: 9) What is the X Registry? There are places in the X Toolkit, in applications, and in the X protocol that define and use string names. The context is such that conflicts are possible if different components use the same name for different things. The MIT X Consortium maintains a registry of names in these domains: orgainization names, selection names, selection targets, resource types, application classes, and class extension record types; and several others. The list as of 1/90 is in the directory mit/doc/Registry on the R4 tape. To register names (first come, first served) or to ask questions send to xregistry@expo.lcs.mit.edu; be sure to include a postal address for confirmation. [11/90; condensed from Asente/Swick Appendix H] ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Subject: 10) Just what is OpenWindows? Open Windows (2.0) is a Sun product that encompasses: a window system that combines a NeWS and X11R4-compliant server (X/NeWS); a user-interface specification (Open Look) and a series of toolkits that implement it (including the SunView-like XView and the Xt-based OLIT); Xlib and Xt implementations; and a number of utilities (olwm window manager, filemgr, shelltool, etc.). [thanks to Frank Greco (fgreco@govt.shearson.COM), 8/90] Sun has just announced [11/90] the limited availability in source form of major portions of the OpenWindows release. ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Subject: 11) Just what is DECWindows? DECWindows is a DEC product that encompasses: an X11 server; the XUI toolkit, including the Dwt widget set and UIL; Xlib and Xt implementations; a session manager; and a number of utilities (dxwm window manager, dxcalendar, dxpsview, etc.). (At some point Motif flavors of the toolkit and applications will be shipped.) [8/90] ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Subject: 12) What is PEX? The PHiGS Extension to X is a proposed X Consortium standard awaiting proof of concept; PHiGS stands for "Programmer's Hierarchical Interactive Graphics System" and is essentially a library of functions that simplifies the creation and manipulation of 3D graphics. Many platforms are capable of performing in hardware the computations involved in rendering 3D objects; the server extension would allow the client (PHIGS in this case) to take advantage of the specialized hardware for 3D graphics. Sun Microsystems is currently contracted to develop a freely redistributable (copyright similar to the current X copyright) sample implementation. The current schedule calls for a first non-beta release of this implementation to be available to Consortium members in early 1991 and to the world with X11R5. Several vendors are currently selling independently- developed PEX servers for their workstations. The current PEX document is version V5.0P, on expo.lcs.mit.edu in the directory pub/PEX/. [8/90; modified 12/90] ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Subject: 13)* What is Imake? Imake is not a replacement for the make program; instead, it is a makefile-generator that takes advantages of the include-file and macro- processing capabilities of the C preprocessor cpp to generate makefiles suitable for building software on a particular system. Although it is not specific to X, the X release uses it to help solve a number of the configuration issues that arise in making such a large system widely portable. Imake has a fairly steep learning curve, in part because the process by which the system-specific configuration files, system-independent configuration files, and individual Imakefiles are melded to produce a Makefile is not obvious. You can obtain information on imake from these sources: - Paul Dubois (dubois@primate.wisc.edu) has written a useful explanation of how Imake works and how to use it in configuring X for non- supported systems; the document is available from indri.primate.wisc.edu (128.104.230.11) in the directory ~ftp/pub/imake-stuff; look for config-X11R4.ms (troff) and config-X11R4.ps (PostScript). Some supplemental appendices are nearby. - the R4 release notes and imake man page include information on using Imake to build X - on the R4 tapes, contrib/doc/imake/imake.tex is Mark Moraes' R3/R4 guide to imake. - and check the R4 mit/config directory for the source files [1/91] ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Subject: 14) TOPIC: OBTAINING X AND RELATED SOFTWARE AND HARDWARE ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Subject: 15)* Is X public-domain software? No. The X software is copyrighted by various institutions and is not "public domain", which has a specific legal meaning. However, the X distribution is available for free and can be redistributed without fee. Contributed software, though, may be placed in the public domain by individual authors. ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Subject: 16) Where can I obtain X11R4? The MIT Software Center is shipping X11R4 on four 1600bpi half-inch tapes. Call the X Hotline at (617) 258-8330 for prerecorded ordering information and a good product description. Integrated Computer Solutions, Inc., ships X11R4 on half-inch, quarter-inch, and TK50 formats. Call 617-547-0510 for ordering information. The Free Software Foundation (617-876-3296) sells X11R4 on half-inch tapes and on QIC-24 cartridges. Yaser Doleh (doleh@math-cs.kent.EDU; P.O. Box 1301, Kent, OH 44240) is making X11R4 available on HP format tapes, 16 track, and Sun cartridges. [2/90] European sites can obtain a free X11R4 distribution from Jamie Watson, who may be reached at chx400!pan!jw or jw@pan.uu.ch. [10/90] Non Standard Logics (+33 (1) 43 36 77 50; requests@nsl.fr) makes source available. IXI Limited (+44 223 462 131) is selling X11R4 source on quarter-inch cartridge formats and on 5.25" and 3.5" floppy, with other formats available on request. [IXI, 2/90] Virtual Technologies (703-430-9247) provides the entire X11R4 compressed source release on a single QIC-24 quarter-inch cartridge and also on 1.2meg or 1.44 meg floppies upon request. [Conor Cahill (cpcahil@virtech.uu.net) 2/90] Young Minds (714-335-1350) makes the R4 and GNU distributions available on a full-text-indexed CD-ROM. [Note that some distributions are media-only and do not include docs.] Canadian sites can send email to xhacks@csri.toronto.edu to arrange for the exchange of tapes; the offer is subject to "time availability". [information from Mark Moraes (moraes@csri.toronto.edu), 2/90] UK sites can obtain R4 through the UKUUG Software Distribution Service, from the Department of Computing, Imperial College, London, in several tape formats. You may also obtain the source via Janet (and therefore PSS) using Niftp (Host: uk.ac.ic.doc.src Name: guest Password: your_email_address). Queries should be directed to Lee McLoughlin, 01-589-5111#5037, or to ukuug-soft@uk.ac.ic.doc. Also offered are copies of comp.sources.x, the expo.lcs.mit.edu contrib and doc areas and most other announced freely distributable packages. X11R4 is ftp-able from expo.lcs.mit.edu; these sites are preferable, though, and are more direct: Machine Internet FTP Location Name Address Directory -------- ------- -------- ------------- (1) West USA gatekeeper.dec.com 16.1.0.2 pub/X11/R4 Central USA mordred.cs.purdue.edu 128.10.2.2 pub/X11/R4 (2) Central USA giza.cis.ohio-state.edu 128.146.8.61 pub/X.V11R4 Southeast USA uunet.uu.net 192.48.96.2 X/R4 (3) Northeast USA crl.dec.com 192.58.206.2 pub/X11/R4 (4) UK Janet src.doc.ic.ac.uk 129.31.81.36 X.V11R4 UK niftp uk.ac.ic.doc.src (5) Australia munnari.oz.au 128.250.1.21 X.V11/R4 The giza.cis.ohio-state.edu site, in particular, is known to have much of the contrib stuff that can be found on expo. The release is available to DEC Easynet sites as CRL::"/pub/X11/R4". Sites in Australia may contact this address: ftp.Adelaide.EDU.AU [129.127.40.3] and check the directory pub/X/R4. The machine shadows expo and archives comp.sources.x. (Mark Prior, mrp@ucs.adelaide.edu.au, 5/90) Note: a much more complete list is distributed regularly by Dan Heller (argv@sun.com) as part of the introductory postings to comp.sources.x. A set of X11R4 binaries built by Tom Roell for the 386/ix will available from expo.lcs.mit.edu in /contrib and in /pub/i386/X11R4 from 131.159.8.35 in Europe. Stephen Hite (shite@sinkhole.unf.edu) can also distribute to folks without ftp facilities via disks sent SASE; contact him for USmail and shipping details. [12/90] In addition, the binaries are available via uucp from szebra [1-408-739-1520, TB+ (PEP); ogin:nuucp sword:nuucp] in /usr2/xbbs/bbs/x. A set of [usable but admittedly flawed] X11R4 binaries built by Mr. Mouse (mouse@larry.mcrcim.mcgill.edu) for the original NeXT is available from 132.206.1.1, in X/XNeXT/distribution.Z. [12/90] ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Subject: 17)* Where can I obtain patches to X11R4? The xstuff server now has eighteen patches for X11R4 [10/90]; there will probably not be any more patches to X11R4. Send to xstuff@expo.lcs.mit.edu the Subject line send fixes # where # are numbers in the appropriate range (e.g. `send fixes 3 5 7 8 17`). Patches are sometimes also distributed through the newsgroup comp.sources.x, with some lagtime, and are typically archived on sites from which X11R4 is available. Some source re-sellers may be including patches in their source distributions of X11R4. ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Subject: 18) Where can I obtain X11R3 source? These have been true in the past, but vendors are probably getting out of the R3 business. If you really need it, check the archive sites, these vendors, or those selling R4 source. Intelligent Software Products, (516-766-2867) [formats are unknown]. Integrated Computer Solutions, (617-547-0510) ships X11R3 on half-inch and quarter-inch formats. The Free Software Foundation (617-876-3296) sells X11R3 on half-inch tapes and on QIC-24 cartridges. Automata Design Associates (215-646-4894) sells X11R3 source on 5.25" high-density floppies and QIC-24 quarter-inch cartridge tapes. European sites can obtain a free distribution from Jamie Watson, who may be reached at chx400!pan!jw or jw@pan.uu.ch. [10/90] IXI Limited (+44 223 462 131) is selling X11R3 source on quarter-inch cartridge formats and on 5.25" and 3.5" floppy, with other formats available on request. [IXI, 2/90] Non Standard Logics (+33 (1) 43 36 77 50; requests@nsl.fr) makes source available. [10/90] [The MIT Software Center no longer distributes X11R3.] ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Subject: 19)* Where can I obtain OSF/Motif? You can obtain either OSF/Motif source or binaries from a number of vendors. Motif 1.0 is based on the R3 Intrinsics and is currently at 1.0.4; Motif 1.1, which began shipping this past August, is based on the R4 Intrinsics and is currently at 1.1.1. An OSF/Motif source license must be obtained from OSF before source can be obtained from the Open Software Foundation or any value-added vendor for any version. Call the Direct Channels Desk at OSF at 617-621-7300 for ordering information. Various hardware vendors produce developer's toolkits of 1.0 binaries, header files, and documentation; check your hardware vendor, particularly if that vendor is an OSF member. In addition, independent binary vendors produce Motif 1.0 toolkits for machines for which Motif is not supported by a vendor. ICS makes several binary kits, notably for Sun, DEC, Apple; Quest (408-988-8880) sells kits for Suns, as well; IXI (+44 223 462 131) offers kits for Sun3 (SunOS 3.5 or later, and Sun4 (SunOS 4.0.1 or later). Unipalm XTech (+44 954 211862; or Aurora Technologies 617-577-1288 in USA) offers a binary kit for Sun 4, Sun 3, and Sun 386i. NSL (+33 (1) 43 36 77 50; requests@nsl.fr) offers kits for the Sun 3 and Sun 4. The kits include varied levels of bug-fixing and support for shared libraries. Unipalm XTech will be shipping Motif 1.1 based binaries from the end of September 1990 for Sun and other hardware. BIM ships Motif 1.1 binaries for Suns. Shared library support is included. Contact Alain Vermeiren (av@sunbim.be) or Danny Backx (db@sunbim.be) at +32(2)759.59.25 (Fax : +32(2)759.47.95) (Belgium). Metrolink Inc. (+1-305-566-9586, sales@metrolink.com; in Europe contact ADNT, (33 1) 3956 5333) ships an implementation of X11R4 and Motif 1.1 for several 386 systems. ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Subject: 20)* Does Motif work with X11R4? Applications based on OSF/Motif 1.0 will run against an R4 server if it is set to bug-compatibility mode or if a patch (part of the 1.0.3 upgrade) to the XmPanedWindow code is obtained. Applications based on OSF/Motif 1.0 can be built or linked on a system with X11R4 libraries provided that the Motif version of the R3 Intrinsics is used; the R4 Xt should not be used with Motif 1.0 programs. Motif 1.1, available in source form from OSF as of August 1990, uses the "vanilla" X11R4 Intrinsics, where "vanilla" means "with just a few patches"; the file fix-osf which OSF distributes is obsoleted by MIT's patches 15-17. The file fix-osf-1.1.1 distributed with the 1.1.1 version needs to be applied after fix-18, though. ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Subject: 21)* Where can I obtain toolkits implementing Open Look? Sun's XView has a SunView-style API. A new version is on the X11R4 tape; version 2.0 is also available (as of 8/90) on expo.lcs.mit.edu for anonymous ftp. Supported binaries of XView for various machines are now available from a number of vendors, including Unipress and ICS. AT&T's Open Look GUI 2.0 Xt-based toolkit is now generally available [2/90]; contact 1-800-828-UNIX#544 for information. Binaries are produced for SPARC systems by International Quest Corporation (408-988-8289). A version of the toolkit is also produced under the name OLIT by Sun. Sun is shipping OpenWindows 2.0 for Sparc, Sun-3, and Sun386i machines; contact your local sales representative for more details. Solbourne's extensible C++-based Object Interface Library is being distributed by AT&T; contact Paul Fillinich (attunix!uso!paulf; 201/829-8743) for information. ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Subject: 22) Where can I obtain other X sources? User-contributed software is distributed through the newsgroup comp.sources.x, moderated by Dan Heller (argv@sun.com); also check that group for posting information. The machine expo.lcs.mit.edu has a great deal of user-contributed software in the contrib/ directory; a good deal of it is present in current or earlier versions on the X11R3 and X11R4 contrib tapes. There is a new directory contrib/R4fixes/ for fixes to R4 contrib software. [Jim Fulton, 2/90] The material on giza.cis.ohio-state.edu, which tends to duplicate the expo archives, is also available via anonymous UUCP from osu-cis, at TB+ and V.32 speeds. Write to uucp@cis.ohio-state.edu (same as osu-cis!uucp) for instructions. [the archive is now maintained by Karl Kleinpaste] A new west-coast UUCP X11 Archive is administered by Mark Snitily (mark@zok.uucp) and contains the full X11R4 distribution, the XTEST distribution, an entire archive of comp.sources.x and other goodies. The machine zok has a TB+ modem which will connect to 19.2K, 2400, 1200 baud (in that order). The anonymous UUCP account is UXarch with password Xgoodies. The modem's phone number is 408-996-8285. A sample Systems (or L.sys) entry might be: zok Any ACU 19200 4089968285 in:--in: UXarch word: Xgoodies To get a current listing of the files that are available, download the file "/usrX/ls-lR.Z". A full subject index of the comp.sources.x files is available in the file "/usrX/comp.sources.x/INDEX". The machine has just the one modem, so please do not fetch large amounts of data at one sitting. [courtesy Mark Snitily, 2/90] FTP sites and software available: This list is a lightly-edited (e.g. `grep X`) condensation of sites posted by odin@pilot.njin.net (Jon Granrose) [9/90]. a.cs.uiuc.edu 128.174.252.1 TeX, dvi2ps, gif, texx2.7 avahi.inria.fr 192.5.60.47 xfedor brazos.rice.edu 128.42.42.2 pub/X11R3/core.src cayuga.cs.rochester.edu 192.5.53.209 Xfig, JOVE, NL-KR mail list cheddar.cs.wisc.edu 128.105.2.143 Common Lisp stuff, X11 crl.dec.com 192.58.206.2 X11R4 cs.toronto.edu 128.100.1.65 UofT BIND, X applications dinorah.wustl.edu 128.252.118.101 X11R3/core.src, portability dolphin.mit.edu 18.86.0.5 X11r3 device driver for S, emil.csd.uu.se 130.238.4.2 Old GNU, X R10 expo.lcs.mit.edu 18.30.0.212 X, portable bitmaps, CLX and expo.lcs.mit.edu CLUE, gwm extro.ucc.su.oz.au 129.78.64.1 images, gnu, icon, kermit, extro.ucc.su.oz.au Ghostscript patches faui43.informatik.uni-erlangen.de 131.188.1.43 NeWS X11 amiga atari faces fcs280s.ncifcrf.gov 129.43.1.11 xtrek5.4 finsun.csc.fi 128.214.46.40 X11R4 ftp-list foobar.colorado.edu 128.138.243.105 BDF fonts, xtex freja.diku.dk 129.142.96.1 nn, gnu, x11r4, tex, isode fresnel.stanford.edu 36.10.0.77 X11R4 for Iris gatekeeper.dec.com 16.1.0.2 X11, recipes, cron, map giza.cis.ohio-state.edu 128.146.8.61 X, PEX hemuli.tik.vtt.fi 130.188.52.2 WorldMap X bind.4.8 finger hpcvaaz.cv.hp.com 15.255.72.15 MitX11R4 Motif hpserv1.uit.no 128.39.60.50 HP stuff, X11, unix, etc hydra.helsinki.fi 128.214.4.29 misc, TeX, X interviews.stanford.edu 36.22.0.175 InterViews X toolkit iraun1.ira.uka.de 129.13.10.90 GNU X11 comp.sources.unix irisa.irisa.fr 131.254.2.3 comp.sources.x j.cc.purdue.edu 128.210.5.1 comp.sources.x jpl-mil.jpl.nasa.gov 128.149.28.2 TeX, mac, GNU, X11R2, X11R3 kappa.rice.edu 128.42.4.7 X11R3, GNU for Sequent S27 labrea.stanford.edu 36.8.0.47 GNU, X, official TeX sources larry.mcrcim.mcgill.edu 132.206.4.3 RFCs, X, local nameserver lll-crg.llnl.gov 128.115.1.1 X11R4 ltisun.epfl.ch 128.178.38.6 xconq m9-520-1.mit.edu 18.80.0.45 xim utils maddog.llnl.gov 128.115.10.1 AWM X tutorial, PCP mcs213k.cs.umr.edu 131.151.6.11 xgif, shuttle me10.lbl.gov 128.3.128.110 X11 binaries for hp-ux, me10 nic.funet.fi 128.214.6.100 GNU, X11, networking, msdos, oddput.efd.lth.se 130.235.48.4 xps (postscript previewer) peace.waikato.ac.nz 130.217.64.62 x11r4 polyslo.calpoly.edu 129.65.17.1 xtrek, top 2.0, spaceout, qed.rice.edu 128.42.4.38 GNU, X11R3, plot2ps sources research.att.com 192.20.225.2 TeX, gcc, ghostscript, f2c scam.berkeley.edu 128.32.138.1 X sources, etc. schizo.samsung.com 134.228.1.2 comp.sources.x sequent.kent.edu 131.123.2.50 x11r4 for esix shambhala.berkeley.edu 128.32.132.54 xrn, xgraph shemp.cs.ucla.edu 131.179.128.34 XWIP sirius.ucs.adelaide.edu.au 129.127.40.3 X11R4 slug.pws.bull.com 128.35.10.203 comp.sources.x, gif, X11R4, slug.pws.bull.com X11R3, R4contrib, gnu, ti.com 128.247.159.141 CLX trout.nosc.mil 132.249.16.12 X11R3, benchmarks, popd, GNU ucbvax.berkeley.edu 128.32.130.12 nntp, gnews, awm, empire unido.informatik.uni-dortmund.de 129.217.64.60 atari, mac, benchmarks, unido.informatik.uni-dortmund.de utils, x11, sysadm tools vaxa.isi.edu 128.9.0.33 clf-act, X, db winnie.princeton.edu 128.112.128.180 music software (unix & NeXT) wpi.wpi.edu TeX_DS3100, TeX_Umax, misc X wuarchive.wustl.edu 128.252.135.4 GNU, X.11R3, GIF, IEN, RFCs, wuarchive.wustl.edu comp.sources.x, msdos, xanth.cs.odu.edu 128.82.8.1 comp.sources.x, xanth.cs.odu.edu 128.82.4.1 comp.sources.games, X10R4 xview.ucdavis.edu 128.120.1.150 xview These sites mirror expo and are of particular use for Australasia: Anonymous ftp: ftp.Adelaide.EDU.AU pub/X/R4/ pub/sources/x/ ACSnet Fetchfile: sirius.ua.oz X/R4/ sources/x/ In addition, UUNET Source Archives (703-876-5050) tracks comp.sources.x and provides 600MB+ of compressed programs on two 6250 bpi or five 1/4" tapes. ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Subject: 23)+ Where can I obtain interesting widgets? The Free Widget library sponsored by Brian Totty (totty@cs.uiuc.edu) is now [12/90] available on a.cs.uiuc.edu in pub/fwf.shar.Z. The set of widgets there is intended to form the basis for future contributions. Additional widgets are available on the contrib/ portion of the X11R4 tapes; these include the Xcu set. O'Reilly Volume 4, Doug Young's book, and the Asente/Swick book all include details on writing widgets and include several useful widgets. A graph widget and other 2D-plot and 3D-contour widgets are available from trix.ai.mit.edu:/com/ftp/pub/users/sundar/graph.tar.Z. {OK, folks, where are all those widget archives ?!} ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Subject: 24) Where can I obtain alternate language bindings to X? Versions of the CLX Lisp bindings are part of the X11R3 and X11R4 core source distributions. The latest version of CLX (R4.4) is available from expo for ftp as contrib/CLX.R4.4.tar.Z; this version fixes bugs reported against the R4 distribution. [11/90] Ada bindings were written by Mark Nelson and Stephen Hyland at SAIC for the DOD. The bindings can be found on hapo.sei.cmu.edu or on wsmr-simtel20.army.mil and are also in the Ada Software Repository (ASR). R3 bindings should be available by the end of 1/90. [1/90] Prolog bindings (called "XWIP") written by Ted Kim at UCLA while supported in part by DARPA are available by anonymous FTP from expo.lcs.mit.edu:contrib/xwip.tar.Z or ftp.cs.ucla.edu:pub/xwip.tar.Z. These prolog language bindings depend on having a Quintus-type foreign function interface in your prolog. The developer has gotten it to work with Quintus and SICStus prolog. Inquiries should go to xwip@cs.ucla.edu. [3/90] GHG is developing X bindings and a complete Ada re-implementation of X; check Lionel Hanley at 713-488-8806. [4/90] Ada bindings to Motif, explicitly, will eventually be made available by the Jet Propulsion Laboratories, probably through the normal electronic means. Advance information can be obtained from dsouleles@dsfvax.jpl.nasa.gov, who may respond as time permits. Another set of bindings for Motif is being done by the University of Lowell; information is available from osfri@osf.org.[11/90] ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ For information send mail to info-sunflash@sunvice.East.Sun.COM. Subscription requests should be sent to sunflash-request@sunvice.East.Sun.COM. Archives are on solar.nova.edu and paris.cs.miami.edu. All prices, availability, and other statements relating to Sun or third party products are valid in the U.S. only. Please contact your local Sales Representative for details of pricing and product availability in your region. Descriptions of, or references to products or publications within SunFlash does not imply an endorsement of that product or publication by Sun Microsystems. John McLaughlin, SunFlash editor, flash@sunvice.East.Sun.COM. (305) 776-7770.